Influence of genetic background, growth latitude and bagging treatment on phenolic compounds in fruits of commercial cultivars and wild types of apples (Malus sp.)

Abstract Phenolic compounds in apples 17 cultivars ( Malus domestica Borkh.) and 3 wild forms sp.) were analyzed to study the impact of genetic background, growth site, fruit bagging. The altitude was studied nine by analyzing fruits collected from orchards at three altitudes. Procyanidin B2 (71–628 μg/g fresh weight), −)-epicatechin (35–357 μg/g), chlorogenic acid (28–563 μg/g) always most abundant phenolic apple samples studied, except for cultivar ‘Qinguan’, which had a very low content (13 procyanidin (8 μg/g). M. prunifolia (Willd.) Borkh 5-times richer epicatechin (278 (628 than commercial (86 54, respectively). Among cultivars, ‘Qinguan’ highest level but lowest flavan-3-ols, whereas ‘Liuyuehong’ characterized quercetin glycosides. B2, correlated negatively, while other phenolics positively, with altitude. response variation depended on latitude backgrounds. Bagging treatment reduced contents compounds, length re-exposure before harvest. This is also first report several important new adding knowledge compositional characteristics global resources.